History of C Language
History of C Language
The C programming language has a rich history and is considered one of the most influential programming languages. Here’s a brief overview of its history:
Origins and Development
1960s: Predecessors
- ALGOL: Many programming languages of the 1960s, such as ALGOL, were influential in the development of C. ALGOL introduced structured programming and concepts that were foundational to many future languages.
- BCPL: Developed by Martin Richards in 1966, BCPL (Basic Combined Programming Language) was a simplified language meant for writing system software and compilers.
1970: B Language
- Ken Thompson: In 1969, Ken Thompson developed the B programming language based on BCPL while working at Bell Labs. B was used primarily on the DEC PDP-7 computer and was used for early versions of the UNIX operating system.
Creation of C
1972: Birth of C
- Dennis Ritchie: The C programming language was created by Dennis Ritchie at Bell Labs in 1972. C was designed as an improvement over B, incorporating features from both B and ALGOL.
- UNIX: C was initially used to re-implement the UNIX operating system. The efficiency and versatility of C contributed to the rapid development and adoption of UNIX.
Full ASCII Table
| ASCII Value | Character | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | NUL | Null character |
| 1 | SOH | Start of Header |
| 2 | STX | Start of Text |
| 3 | ETX | End of Text |
| 4 | EOT | End of Transmission |
| 5 | ENQ | Enquiry |
| 6 | ACK | Acknowledge |
| 7 | BEL | Bell |
| 8 | BS | Backspace |
| 9 | TAB | Horizontal Tab |
| 10 | LF | Line Feed |
| 11 | VT | Vertical Tab |
| 12 | FF | Form Feed |
| 13 | CR | Carriage Return |
| 14 | SO | Shift Out |
| 15 | SI | Shift In |
| 16 | DLE | Data Link Escape |
| 17 | DC1 | Device Control 1 |
| 18 | DC2 | Device Control 2 |
| 19 | DC3 | Device Control 3 |
| 20 | DC4 | Device Control 4 |
| 21 | NAK | Negative Acknowledge |
| 22 | SYN | Synchronous Idle |
| 23 | ETB | End of Transmission Block |
| 24 | CAN | Cancel |
| 25 | EM | End of Medium |
| 26 | SUB | Substitute |
| 27 | ESC | Escape |
| 28 | FS | File Separator |
| 29 | GS | Group Separator |
| 30 | RS | Record Separator |
| 31 | US | Unit Separator |
| 32 | (space) | Space |
| 33 | ! | Exclamation mark |
| 34 | “ | Double quote |
| 35 | # | Hash |
| 36 | $ | Dollar sign |
| 37 | % | Percent |
| 38 | & | Ampersand |
| 39 | ‘ | Single quote |
| 40 | ( | Open parenthesis |
| 41 | ) | Close parenthesis |
| 42 | * | Asterisk |
| 43 | + | Plus |
| 44 | , | Comma |
| 45 | – | Hyphen |
| 46 | . | Period |
| 47 | / | Slash |
| 48 | 0 | Digit 0 |
| 49 | 1 | Digit 1 |
| 50 | 2 | Digit 2 |
| 51 | 3 | Digit 3 |
| 52 | 4 | Digit 4 |
| 53 | 5 | Digit 5 |
| 54 | 6 | Digit 6 |
| 55 | 7 | Digit 7 |
| 56 | 8 | Digit 8 |
| 57 | 9 | Digit 9 |
| 58 | : | Colon |
| 59 | ; | Semicolon |
| 60 | < | Less than |
| 61 | = | Equals |
| 62 | > | Greater than |
| 63 | ? | Question mark |
| 64 | @ | At sign |
| 65 | A | Uppercase A |
| 66 | B | Uppercase B |
| 67 | C | Uppercase C |
| 68 | D | Uppercase D |
| 69 | E | Uppercase E |
| 70 | F | Uppercase F |
| 71 | G | Uppercase G |
| 72 | H | Uppercase H |
| 73 | I | Uppercase I |
| 74 | J | Uppercase J |
| 75 | K | Uppercase K |
| 76 | L | Uppercase L |
| 77 | M | Uppercase M |
| 78 | N | Uppercase N |
| 79 | O | Uppercase O |
| 80 | P | Uppercase P |
| 81 | Q | Uppercase Q |
| 82 | R | Uppercase R |
| 83 | S | Uppercase S |
| 84 | T | Uppercase T |
| 85 | U | Uppercase U |
| 86 | V | Uppercase V |
| 87 | W | Uppercase W |
| 88 | X | Uppercase X |
| 89 | Y | Uppercase Y |
| 90 | Z | Uppercase Z |
| 91 | [ | Open square bracket |
| 92 | \ | Backslash |
| 93 | ] | Close square bracket |
| 94 | ^ | Caret |
| 95 | _ | Underscore |
| 96 | ` | Grave accent |
| 97 | a | Lowercase a |
| 98 | b | Lowercase b |
| 99 | c | Lowercase c |
| 100 | d | Lowercase d |
| 101 | e | Lowercase e |
| 102 | f | Lowercase f |
| 103 | g | Lowercase g |
| 104 | h | Lowercase h |
| 105 | i | Lowercase i |
| 106 | j | Lowercase j |
| 107 | k | Lowercase k |
| 108 | l | Lowercase l |
| 109 | m | Lowercase m |
| 110 | n | Lowercase n |
| 111 | o | Lowercase o |
| 112 | p | Lowercase p |
| 113 | q | Lowercase q |
| 114 | r | Lowercase r |
| 115 | s | Lowercase s |
| 116 | t | Lowercase t |
| 117 | u | Lowercase u |
| 118 | v | Lowercase v |
| 119 | w | Lowercase w |
| 120 | x | Lowercase x |
| 121 | y | Lowercase y |
| 122 | z | Lowercase z |
| 123 | { | Open curly brace |
| 124 | ||
| 125 | } | Close curly brace |
| 126 | ~ | Tilde |
| 127 | DEL | Delete |